{"id":14507,"date":"2022-06-10T12:36:17","date_gmt":"2022-06-10T10:36:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/?p=14507"},"modified":"2022-06-20T16:07:23","modified_gmt":"2022-06-20T14:07:23","slug":"seed-smoking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/de\/seed-smoking\/","title":{"rendered":"Seed smoking"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fynbos is a fire-driven system and although destructive in many ways and a threat to infrastructure, it also triggers regeneration amongst many fynbos plant species. Fire is an important ecological driver within the fynbos environment.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smoking seeds acts as a seed germination cue for some fynbos species, namely Asteraceae, Ericaceae and Restionaceae. Germination enhancement has also been visible in the fynbos species of Proteaceae.\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our Horticultural students at the Green Futures College use smoke in April to prepare seeds for propagation before the winter months. Seeds are first cleaned and separated by the students. The dormancy of the seeds is broken once they are smoked.\u00a0<\/span> <b>Smoke and fire<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the absence of a wildfire, smoke has proven to be highly effective, often inducing 100% germination in deeply dormant seed populations with 0% control germination from unsmoked seeds.\u00a0Smoke induces germination both directly and indirectly by aqueous or gaseous transfer from soil to seeds.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The seeds require the chemical in the smoke as well as the cooler night temperatures of the autumn and winter months to break their dormancy. In nature, smoke signals extra nutrients which will soon be available within the nutrient-poor fynbos soils.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At Green Futures College, we imitate the season of wildfires in our region which usually burn between November and April months. The winter rainfall which follows the fire season enables a growth spurt of the seeds. The degree of success derived from the germination of seeds varies, but on average, seeds that are given our smoke treatment give at least twice the number of seedlings compared to those of unsmoked seeds.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\"><b>Smoke treatment<\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our students are taught to place a mix of leafy material, straw and small twigs at the base of a\u00a0 container. They place unsmoked seeds either on a tray above the natural materials or off to the side, away from the direct heat so as not to burn the seeds. The leafy mixture starts to smoulder and then gets covered with a hardened, thick plastic, allowing the seeds to smoke gently for roughly 20 minutes. The process is not dissimilar to home smoking a piece of fish or a brinjal in a kitchen where the trapped smoke permeates the food.<\/span> \u00a0 <b>The benefits of seed smoking?\u00a0<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smoking seeds promotes the germination of the seed species which are difficult to germinate by conventional means. Germination is more uniform once smoked. Earlier germination occurs as a result of seed smoking. Seedlings which have been smoked tend to grow more robust than their counterparts.\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smoking seeds might seem, at first glance, counter intuitive but this is all part of the magic of fynbos, unlocked by the power and mystery of fire and smoke.<\/span><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"384\" height=\"512\" class=\"wp-image-14525\" src=\"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/unnamed-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/unnamed-4.jpg 384w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/unnamed-4-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\" \/>\n<figcaption>Our Horticultural students at the Green Futures College use smoke <br \/>in April to prepare seeds for propagation before the winter months.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14526\" src=\"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-1024x759.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"383\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-1024x759.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-768x569.jpg 768w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-1536x1139.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-2048x1518.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-580x430.jpg 580w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-860x638.jpg 860w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-1160x860.jpg 1160w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-1440x1068.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Anopolepis-steingroeveri-with-Leucospermum-seed_IMG_6218-610x452.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<figcaption>An ambitious Anopolepis steingroeveri ant with a Leucospermum seed. This seed will germinate with the next fire and initiate the next generation of plant growth.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<span class=\"et_bloom_bottom_trigger\"><\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seeds are first cleaned and separated by the students. The dormancy of the seeds is broken once they are smoked.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":14517,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,17,18,19,57,1],"tags":[108,133,125,128,109,127,126,131],"class_list":["post-14507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology","category-enviroment","category-nature","category-news","category-press-releases","category-uncategorized","tag-conservation","tag-conservationambassadors","tag-earthrangers","tag-fynbosbiome","tag-grootbosfoundation","tag-mothernature","tag-promoteconservation","tag-sustainability"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Seed smoking - Grootbos Foundation NGO South Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Smoking seeds promotes the germination of the seed species which are difficult to germinate by conventional means.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/grootbosfoundation.org\/de\/seed-smoking\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Seed smoking - 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